End Notes:

(4) UNESCO, Statistical Yearbook 1999

(5) AAUW, Tech Savvy: Educating Girls in the New Computer Age: NUA Internet Surveys, 18 July 2000

AAUW: Girls Turned Off by 'Nerdy' Image of Information Technology

Rathgeber, "Schooling for What?" in Missing Links: Gender Equity in Science and Technology for Development. (IDRC/INIFEM/IT: 1995).

(6) International Telecommunication Union Task Force on Gender Issues, 2000

(7) UNIFEM and UNU/INTECH. "Gender and Telecommunications: An Agenda for Policy," 2000 In Ethiopia, 20 hours of access per month costs $77 (including local phone costs) while per-capita income is estimated at $110/year.

(8) U.S. Congress study of office automation, cited in Ruth Pearson, "Gender perspectives on health and safety in information processing," p. 279 in Mitter and Rowbothan, Women Encounter Technology.

(9) Swasti Mitter, "Teleporting and Toleration in India: Combining Diverse Perspectives and Visions," Economic and Political Weekly, 24 June 2000, p. 2247.

(10) Mitter, "Who Benefits?" in Missing Links, p. 234.

(11) Mitter, "Teleworking and Teletrade in India," loc. cit.; Teleworking and Development in Malaysia, Vol. I Integrated Report. United Nations University/Institute for New Technologies Policy Research Project in partnership with MIMOS Bhd. and UNDP, April 1999, p. 2247

(12 ) Celilia Ng "Teleworking and Gender in the Information Age: New Opportunities for Malaysian Women?" , p. 6.

(13) UNIFEM and UNU/INTECH. "Gender and Telecommunications: An Agenda for Policy," 2000

(14) Gillian Marcelle, "Getting Gender into African IT Policy: A Strategic View," pp. 48- 49 in Rathgeber and Ofwona, Gender and the Information Revolution in Africa.

(15) Adapted from Sonia Nunes Jorge, "Gender Perspectives in Telecommunications Policy: A Curriculum Proposal." Report of Working Group I. Third Meeting of the Task Force on Gender Issues, ITU, Geneva, 9-10 October 2000. Document TFGI 3/4 E (pdf)